Retired Justice Raises Alarm Over AI Risks In Nigerian Courts
Adamu-Augie Cautions Against Unchecked AI Adoption
RETIRED Supreme Court Justice Amina Adamu-Augie has warned that the growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the legal profession and judiciary could create serious challenges for the administration of justice if not carefully regulated.
Speaking at the Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) Law Week in Birnin Kebbi, the former jurist stressed that while technology can support legal processes, it must never be allowed to replace human reasoning, fairness and judicial discretion.
According to her, the law is fundamentally different from scientific calculations because it requires the balancing of facts, equity, conscience and human realities.
Fabricated Authorities and Legal Risks
Adamu-Augie highlighted one of the major dangers associated with AI systems— the generation of false or fabricated legal authorities.
To illustrate her concerns, she referenced a widely publicised case in the United States where lawyers relied on an AI chatbot to prepare legal submissions. The system reportedly generated fictitious court cases, complete with convincing citations and quotations that did not exist.
The court later sanctioned the lawyers involved after discovering that the cited authorities were entirely fabricated.
She noted that such incidents demonstrate how AI can create information that appears credible while being completely inaccurate, making it essential for legal practitioners to independently verify every authority used in litigation.
Threats to Fairness and Confidentiality
Beyond inaccurate legal research, the retired justice warned that AI could introduce bias into judicial processes, undermine legal professional privilege and threaten the confidentiality of sensitive information.
She explained that overreliance on automated systems may also affect constitutional principles surrounding public hearings and equal access to justice.
According to her, judges perform functions that go far beyond the interpretation of statutes and precedents.
“A judge listens, evaluates human behaviour, weighs competing interests and considers unique circumstances before reaching a decision,” she noted.
AI as a Tool, Not a Replacement
Despite her concerns, Adamu-Augie acknowledged the significant benefits AI could bring to the justice sector.
She said the technology can improve legal research, streamline case management, reduce delays and expand access to justice for ordinary citizens.
However, she insisted that AI should remain a support mechanism rather than a substitute for judicial responsibility.
The Attorney-General of the Federation and Minister of Justice, Lateef Fagbemi, SAN, echoed the need for caution, stressing that lawyers and judicial officers must receive proper guidance on the responsible use of AI tools.
Meanwhile, Kebbi State Governor Nasir Idris reaffirmed his administration’s commitment to strengthening the judiciary through improved welfare and infrastructure, while former NBA President Yakubu Maikyau commended ongoing efforts to support the legal profession in the state.
